Layer by layer, thermoplastic filament is melted and extruded in FDM, a 3D printing technique. Because of its adaptability, cost, and simplicity of usage, it’s well-liked for small-scale manufacturing, prototyping, and customizing. Bone illnesses and fractures are among the health problems that are on the rise in the modern world. Bone grafting is necessary in order to expedite the patient’s condition because the natural healing process of the bone is slow. Bone replacement is created by using biomaterials in the form of a bone scaffold because bone grafting techniques including autografts, allografts, and xenografts have limitations. In regenerative medicine and orthopedics, bone scaffolds are essential because they offer a framework for bone repair and tissue regeneration. FDM has therefore developed into a revolutionary technology in the production of bone scaffolds. Bone scaffolds are made using FDM, an additive manufacturing technology. It entails the melting and layering of biocompatible materials to create a specially made scaffold with regulated mechanical and porosity characteristics that supports bone regeneration and patient-specific customization. There are certain difficulties with using FDM in the production of bone scaffolds, though. The porosity, mechanical characteristics, and rates of deterioration of printed scaffolds must be carefully controlled. This requires careful material selection, process optimization, and post-processing procedures. It also takes extensive testing and validation to achieve the appropriate biocompatibility and biomechanical qualities.

Keywords : FDM, PETG,PCL,SLS, PCL/HA, VIKOR Analysis, Bone

Authors : Sooraj

Title : Application of Fused Depositon Modelling(FDM) on Bone Scaffold Manufacturing Process

Volume/Issue : 2023;5(4 (June - July))

Page No : 14 - 20

Nanofluids colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids have attracted increasing research interest due to their improved heat transfer characteristics. This study investigates the use of silver nanofluids as a medium to enhance heat transfer in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Silver nanoparticles, known for their high thermal conductivity and stability, were dispersed in a base fluid (water/ethylene glycol) at different concentrations. Experimental tests were conducted by circulating nanofluids through the tube side, while hot fluid passed through the shell side. Results demonstrate a significant increase in heat transfer rate compared to the base fluid alone, attributed to the superior thermal conductivity of silver nanoparticles. Effects of concentration, flow rate, and temperature differential were analyzed. Challenges such as nanoparticle stability and aggregation were also discussed, along with potential mitigation strategies.

Keywords : Nanofluids, Silver Nanoparticles, Heat Transfer, Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger, Thermal Conductivity

Authors : Adarsh Benny

Title : Heat Transfer Properties of Silver Nanofluids on Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Volume/Issue : 2023;5(4 (June - July))

Page No : 11 - 13

Energy is one of the most crucial challenges in every industry, and its use or potential transmission devices are critical parameters. The chemical industry relies on HE. Nano-fluids may now be utilized in combination with a heat exchanger to boost heat transmission rates. The STHE are a basic model that demonstrates fundamental HT concepts. It is made up of numerous parallel tubes held together by a cylindrical casing. Heat is transferred between the tube bundle and the cylinder shell that covers the tubes via two fluids that pass through the tube bundle. Nanofluids are extremely important in HT applications. Several industrial processes rely on heat transport. Preparation of a green synthetic nanofluid and evaluation of the total coefficient of HT in a STHE.

Keywords : HT, STHE, CuNPs, LMTD,XRD, SEM, AFM.

Authors : Sharon Hari k

Title : Heat Transfer Properties of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using Copper Nanofluids

Volume/Issue : 2023;5(4 (June - July))

Page No : 7 - 10

The integration of artificial intelligence into the mechanical design has prompted the creation of human-similar robots, quadruped walking robots, robot laborer, and etc., that bridge the gap between the machines and humanity. To attain life like functions and behaviors, will explore the design and development of quadruped robots with a focus on innovative AI technologies. Also, the potential applications, and effects of Multimodality robotic systems in various industries and sectors, as well as the challenges and opportunities that rapidly evolving in this field. There are numerous other domains in which these mobile robots may be used, including industrial, military, space exploration, and many more. An essential component of the aforementioned application is the process for developing a mobile robot. Selecting a design according to the need and field of application is the principal factor in developing the robot. The innovation in the development process is the artificial intelligence integration into mechanical design. Data and information about the field of application pave the way for the machine self-learning.

Keywords : AI, Bot, ChatGPT, ML, Humans, Decision-Making, Quadruped Robots

Authors : Sharon Scaria

Title : Quadruped Robot using Artificial Intelligence into Machines and Humanity : A Review

Volume/Issue : 2023;5(4 (June - July))

Page No : 1 - 6